Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification. A tortoiseshell with characteristic "split-face" pattern Genetics Tortoiseshell coloring can also be expressed in the point pattern, referred to as a tortie point. Not uncommonly there will be a "split face" pattern with black on one side of the face and orange on the other, with a dividing line running down the bridge of the nose. These patched tabbies are often called a tortie-tabby, a torbie or, with large white areas, a caliby. Occasionally tabby patterns of black and brown (eumelanistic) and red (phaeomelanistic) colors are also seen. Dilution genes may modify the coloring, lightening the fur to a mix of cream and blue, lilac or fawn the markings on tortoiseshell cats are usually asymmetrical. Typically, the more white a cat has, the more solid the patches of color. The size of the patches can vary from a fine speckled pattern to large areas of color. Tortoiseshell cats have particolored coats with patches of various shades of red and black, and sometimes white. This pattern is especially preferred in the Japanese Bobtail breed, and exists in the Cornish Rex group. Tortoiseshell markings appear in many different breeds, as well as in non-purebred domestic cats. Tortie cats with a predominantly white undercoat are often referred to as "caliby", a portmanteau of "calico" and "tabby". Ĭats with a tortoiseshell pattern and small blotches of white are sometimes referred to as "tortico", a portmanteau of "tortie" and "calico". Those that are predominantly white with tortoiseshell patches are described as tricolor, tortoiseshell-and-white (in the United Kingdom), or calico (in Canada and the United States). "Tortoiseshell" is typically reserved for particolored cats with relatively small or no white markings. Tortoiseshell cats with the tabby pattern as one of their colors are sometimes referred to as torbies or torbie cats. The colors are often described as red and black, but the "red" patches can instead be orange, yellow, or cream, and the "black" can instead be chocolate, gray, tabby, or blue. Tortoiseshell cats, or torties, combine two colors other than white, either closely mixed or in larger patches. Male tortoiseshells are rare and are usually sterile. Like calicoes, tortoiseshell cats are almost exclusively female. Tortoiseshell is a cat coat coloring named for its similarity to tortoiseshell material. Two-color coat coloring in cats A short-haired tortoiseshell cat sitting outside Occasionally, the tri-color calico coloration is combined with a tabby patterning this calico-patched tabby is called a caliby. Other names include brindle, tricolor cat, mikeneko (Japanese for ‘triple fur cat’), and lapjeskat (Dutch for ‘patches cat’) calicoes with diluted coloration have been called calimanco or clouded tiger. In the province of Quebec, Canada, they are sometimes called chatte d’Espagne (French for ‘(female) cat of Spain’). Calico is not to be confused with a tortoiseshell, which has a mostly mottled coat of black/orange or grey/cream with relatively few to no white markings. They are almost exclusively female except under rare genetic conditions. The calico cat is most commonly thought of as being typically 25% to 75% white with large orange and black patches (or sometimes cream and grey patches) however, the calico cat can have any three colors in its pattern. “A calico cat is a domestic cat of any breed with a tri-color coat.
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